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bioaccumulative substance

Bioaccumulative and very bioaccumulative substances are those, which are able to concentrate in the body of living organisms of microbial cells, plants or animals, including man. Bioconcentration is measured related to the environment and is quantitatively characterized by the BCF = bioconcentration factos, which is the ratio of two concentrations, the concentration in the organism or organ and the concentration in the environmental compartment.

BCF Plant = Cplant/ Csoil, or BCF Fish is Cfish/Cwater. Bioaccumulation of certain substances, e.g. hydrofobic organic substances in liver of adipose tissue or inorganic substances such as toxic metals Pb, Cd, or mercury in plant shoot and leaves leads to the toxication of the food-chain and biomagnification along the food-chain.

According to REACH regulation a substance fulfils the bioaccumulative criterion when:
– the bioconcentration factor (BCF) is higher than 2 000.
The assessment of bioaccumulation - according to REACH methodology - shall be based on measured data on bioconcentration in aquatic species. Data from freshwater as well as marine water species can be used. This kind of aquatic bioconcentration of the substances serves as basis to declare a substance PBT (Bioaccumulative, Persistent and Toxic), which is a priority risk category of REACH.

Persistent, Bioaccumulative, Toxic Substances (PBT)

Annex XIII of REACH defines criteria for the identification of substances that are Persistent, Bio-accumulative and Toxic (PBTs) and Annex I lays down general provisions for PBT assessment. PBTs are substances of very high concern (SVHC) and may be included in Annex XIV and by that be made subject to authorisation (Source: REACH)

very bioaccumulative substance

accordibng to REACH, a substance fulfils the very bioaccumulative criterion when:
– the bioconcentration factor is greater than 5 000.

The assessment of bioaccumulation shall be based on measured data on bioconcentration in
aquatic species. Data from freshwater as well as marine water species can be used.